Titanium Knowledges
Standards for Titanium products
ASTM F: a standard for medical products
ASTM B: is a standard for industrial products
AMS & MIL: a standard for aerospace and military products
Titanium materials classifications
Titanium materials of grades 1-4 are unalloyed and considered commercially as pure or "CP.". Generally speaking, the tensile and yield strength goes up with the number of these grades.
Known as Ti6Al4V, Ti-6Al-4V, or Ti 6-4,Gr5 is the most commonly used alloy because of its special physical and chemical properties, which has a chemical composition of 6% Aluminum, 4% Vanadium, 0.25% (maximum) Iron, 0.2% (maximum) Oxygen, and the rest is Titanium.
Gr7 contains 0.12% to 0.25% Palladium. The small amount of Palladium gives them improved crevice corrosion resistance at low temperatures and high pH.
Gr9 contains 3.0% Aluminum and 2.5% Vanadium. They are often used in aircraft tubing for hydraulics and in athletic equipment.
Grade 12 contains 0.3% Molybdenum and 0.8% Nickel.
Grade 23 contains 6% Aluminum, 4% Vanadium, and 0.13% (maximum) Oxygen.
Chemical components of each grade
|
Grade |
Fe% |
C% |
N% |
H% |
O% |
Al% |
V% |
Mo% |
Ni% |
Pd% |
Ti |
|
Gr1 |
0.2 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.18 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL. |
|
Gr2 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.25 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL. |
|
Gr3 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.015 |
0.35 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL. |
|
Gr4 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.015 |
0.40 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL |
|
Gr5 |
0.25 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.02 |
5.5 - 6.75 |
3.5 - 4.5 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL |
|
Gr7 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.25 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
0.12 - 0.25 |
BAL. |
|
Gr9 |
0.25 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.15 |
2.5 - 3.3 |
2.0 - 3.0 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL. |
|
Gr12 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.25 |
-- |
-- |
0.2 - 0.4 |
0.6 - 0.9 |
-- |
BAL. |
|
Gr23 |
0.3 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.015 |
0.13 |
5.5 - 6.75 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
BAL |
Mechanical characteristics of each grade
|
Grade |
Tensile Strength (min) |
Yield Strength 0.2% Offset |
Elongation in 2 inches or 50mm % (min) |
||
|
KSI |
MPa |
KSI |
MPa |
||
|
Gr.1 |
35 |
240 |
20 - 45 |
138 - 310 |
24 |
|
Gr.2 |
50 |
345 |
40 - 65 |
275 - 450 |
20 |
|
Gr.3 |
65 |
450 |
55 - 80 |
380 - 550 |
18 |
|
Gr.4 |
80 |
550 |
≥70 |
≥483 |
15 |
|
Gr.5 |
138 |
950 |
≥128 |
≥880 |
14 |
|
Gr.7 |
50 |
345 |
≥40 |
≥275 |
24 |
|
Gr.9 |
125 |
860 |
≥105 |
≥725 |
10 |
|
Gr.12 |
70 |
483 |
≥50 |
≥345 |
18 |
|
Gr.23 |
125 |
860 |
≥115 |
≥790 |
15 |
